Bioengineering is the application of life sciences and engineering principles to define and solve problems in biology, medicine, healthcare, and other fields which are directly related to organisms. The field of bioengineering seeks to integrate quantitative and design approaches to biological systems, encompassing a range of specific disciplines from macro to nano-scales. Bioengineering has started to develop especially in the 21st century and is suggested as a keystone field for the social-economic development of humanity. Nowadays, this science by combining many different fields of engineering such as thermodynamics, flow mechanics, mass-temperature transfer, bioreactor design, and kinetics with a variety of biological fields like microbiology, genetics, protein chemistry, and metabolism suggests promising solutions for industrial and medical problems. In general, bioengineers work on biocompatible material production which can be used as food additives, energy carriers (hydrogen, bioethanol, biogas and etc.), medicines (antibiotics, vitamins, hormones and etc.), and biochemicals (protein and amino acids, organic acids, pesticides and a variety of polymers).